Me yasa silicone ruwa za a iya amfani da shi sosai a fannoni daban-daban?

1.Gabatarwa na roba silicone ruwa tare da ƙarin gyare-gyare

roba silicone roba tare da Bugu da kari gyare-gyaren ya hada da vinyl polysiloxane a matsayin ainihin polymer, polysiloxane tare da Si-H bond a matsayin giciye mai haɗawa wakili, a gaban platinum mai kara kuzari, a dakin da zafin jiki ko dumama karkashin giciye danganta vulcanization na wani aji na silicone. kayan aiki. Bambance-bambancen siliki na roba na roba, gyare-gyaren gyare-gyaren ruwa na silicone vulcanization tsari ba ya haifar da samfurori, ƙananan raguwa, zurfin vulcanization kuma babu lalata kayan hulɗa. Yana da fa'idodi na kewayon zafin jiki mai faɗi, kyakkyawan juriya na sinadarai da juriya na yanayi, kuma yana iya yin riko da sassa daban-daban cikin sauƙi. Sabili da haka, idan aka kwatanta da siliki mai narkar da ruwa, haɓakar gyare-gyaren siliki na ruwa yana da sauri. A halin yanzu, an ƙara yin amfani da shi a cikin kayan lantarki, injina, gine-gine, likitanci, mota da sauran fannoni.

2.Main sassa

Base Polymer

Ana amfani da polysiloxane madaidaiciya guda biyu masu ɗauke da vinyl azaman tushen polymers don ƙari na silicone na ruwa. Rarraba nauyin kwayoyin su yana da faɗi, gabaɗaya daga dubbai zuwa 100,000-200,000. Mafi yawan amfani da tushe polymer don ƙara ruwa silicone shine α, ω -divinylpolydimethylsiloxane. An gano cewa nauyin kwayoyin halitta da abun ciki na vinyl na asali na polymers na iya canza kaddarorin silicone na ruwa.

wakili mai haɗin kai

Wakilin crosslinking da aka yi amfani da shi don ƙara gyare-gyaren ruwa silicone shine kwayoyin halitta polysiloxane mai dauke da fiye da 3 Si-H bonds a cikin kwayoyin halitta, kamar layin methyl-hydropolysiloxane dauke da Si-H kungiyar, zobe methyl-hydropolysiloxane da MQ resin dauke da Si-H kungiyar. Mafi yawan amfani da su shine methylhydropolysiloxane na layi na tsarin mai zuwa. An gano cewa za a iya canza kayan aikin injiniya na gel silica ta hanyar canza abun ciki na hydrogen ko tsarin wakilin haɗin giciye. Ya gano cewa abun ciki na hydrogen na ma'aikacin crosslinking yana daidai da ƙarfin ƙarfi da taurin silica gel. Gu Zhuojiang et al. samu hydrogen-dauke da silicone man fetur da daban-daban tsari, daban-daban kwayoyin nauyi da daban-daban hydrogen abun ciki ta canza kira tsari da dabara, da kuma amfani da shi a matsayin crosslinking wakili don hadawa da kuma ƙara ruwa silicone.

mai kara kuzari

Don inganta haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta, an shirya rukunin platinum-vinyl siloxane, rukunin platinum-alkyne da rukunin platinum da aka gyara nitrogen. Baya ga nau'in mai haɓakawa, adadin samfuran silicone na ruwa kuma zai shafi aikin. Ya gano cewa ƙara yawan ƙwayar platinum mai haɓakawa na iya haɓaka halayen haɗin kai tsakanin ƙungiyoyin methyl da kuma hana ɓarna na babban sarkar.

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, tsarin vulcanization na silicone ƙari na gargajiya shine halayen hydrosilylation tsakanin tushen polymer mai ɗauke da vinyl da polymer mai ɗauke da haɗin hydrosilylation. Tsarin gyare-gyaren siliki na gargajiya na al'ada yana buƙatar m mold don kera samfurin ƙarshe, amma wannan fasahar masana'anta ta gargajiya tana da lahani na tsada mai tsada, dogon lokaci, da sauransu. Yawancin samfurori ba sa amfani da kayan lantarki. Masu binciken sun gano cewa za a iya shirya jerin silicas tare da kyawawan kaddarorin ta hanyar dabarun warkarwa na novel ta amfani da mercaptan - double bond Bugu da ƙari liquid silicas. Kyawawan kaddarorin injin sa, kwanciyar hankali na thermal da watsa haske na iya sanya shi amfani da shi a cikin sabbin fagage. Dangane da halayen haɗin gwiwar mercapto-ene tsakanin reshen mercaptan mai aiki da aikin polysiloxane da vinyl da aka ƙare polysiloxane tare da nauyin kwayoyin daban-daban, an shirya elastomer silicone tare da taurin daidaitacce da kaddarorin inji. Buga elastomers suna nuna babban ƙudurin bugu da kyawawan kaddarorin inji. The elongation a karya na silicone elastomers iya isa 1400%, wanda ya fi girma fiye da rahoton UV curing elastomers kuma ko da mafi girma stretchable thermal curing silicone elastomers. Sannan an yi amfani da elastomer na silicone masu iya miƙewa a kan hydrogels ɗin da aka yi da carbon nanotubes don shirya na'urorin lantarki masu shimfiɗawa. Silicone mai buguwa da sarrafa shi yana da fa'idodin aikace-aikace a cikin robobi masu taushi, masu sassauƙa, na'urorin likitanci da sauran fagage.