Me yasa za a iya amfani da silicone mai ruwa sosai a fannoni daban-daban?

1. Gabatar da robar silicone mai ruwa tare da ƙarin gyare-gyare

Robar silicone mai ruwa tare da ƙarin gyare-gyare an haɗa ta da vinyl polysiloxane a matsayin polymer na asali, polysiloxane tare da haɗin Si-H a matsayin wakilin haɗin giciye, a gaban mai haɓaka platinum, a zafin ɗaki ko dumama a ƙarƙashin haɗin giciye na nau'in kayan silicone. Ba kamar robar silicone mai ruwa mai ruwa ba, tsarin molding liquid silicone vulcanization baya samar da samfuran da suka lalace, ƙaramin raguwa, zurfin vulcanization kuma babu tsatsa na kayan hulɗa. Yana da fa'idodin kewayon zafin jiki mai faɗi, kyakkyawan juriya ga sinadarai da juriya ga yanayi, kuma yana iya mannewa da saman abubuwa daban-daban cikin sauƙi. Saboda haka, idan aka kwatanta da silicone mai ruwa mai ruwa, haɓaka ƙirar silicone mai ruwa yana da sauri. A halin yanzu, ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin kayan lantarki, injina, gini, likitanci, motoci da sauran fannoni.

2. Babban Abubuwan da ke Ciki

Tushen Polymer

Ana amfani da waɗannan polysiloxane guda biyu masu layi waɗanda ke ɗauke da vinyl a matsayin polymers na tushe don ƙara silicone na ruwa. Rarraba nauyin kwayoyin halittarsu yana da faɗi, gabaɗaya daga dubbai zuwa 100,000-200,000. Polymer na tushe da aka fi amfani da shi don ƙarin silicone na ruwa shine α,ω -divinylpolydimethylsiloxane. An gano cewa nauyin kwayoyin halitta da abun ciki na vinyl na polymers na asali na iya canza halayen silicone na ruwa.

wakili mai haɗa giciye

Maganin haɗin gwiwa da ake amfani da shi don ƙara silicone mai ruwa-ruwa shine polysiloxane na halitta wanda ke ɗauke da fiye da haɗin Si-H guda 3 a cikin ƙwayar, kamar linear methyl-hydropylsiloxane wanda ke ɗauke da ƙungiyar Si-H, zobe methyl-hydropylsiloxane da MQ resin wanda ke ɗauke da ƙungiyar Si-H. Mafi yawan amfani da su sune linear methylhydropylsiloxane na tsarin da ke ƙasa. An gano cewa ana iya canza halayen injiniya na gel silica ta hanyar canza abun ciki na hydrogen ko tsarin wakilin haɗin gwiwa. Ya gano cewa abun ciki na hydrogen na wakilin haɗin gwiwa yana daidai da ƙarfin juriya da tauri na gel silica. Gu Zhuojiang et al. sun sami man silicone mai ɗauke da hydrogen tare da tsari daban-daban, nauyin kwayoyin halitta daban-daban da kuma abun ciki na hydrogen daban-daban ta hanyar canza tsarin haɗawa da dabara, kuma sun yi amfani da shi azaman wakilin haɗin gwiwa don haɗawa da ƙara silicone mai ruwa-ruwa.

mai ƙara kuzari

Domin inganta ingancin catalytic na catalytic, an shirya hadaddun platinum-vinyl siloxane, hadaddun platinum-alkyne da hadaddun platinum da aka gyara nitrogen. Baya ga nau'in catalyst, adadin kayayyakin silicone na ruwa zai kuma shafi aikin. Ya gano cewa ƙara yawan sinadarin platinum na iya haɓaka haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ƙungiyoyin methyl da kuma hana rugujewar babban sarkar.

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, hanyar vulcanization na ruwan silicone na gargajiya shine amsawar hydrosilylation tsakanin polymer ɗin da ke ɗauke da vinyl da polymer ɗin da ke ɗauke da hydrosilylation. Tsarin ƙarin silicone na gargajiya yawanci yana buƙatar mold mai tauri don ƙera samfurin ƙarshe, amma wannan fasahar masana'antu ta gargajiya tana da rashin amfani da tsada mai yawa, dogon lokaci, da sauransu. Samfuran galibi ba sa aiki ga samfuran lantarki. Masu binciken sun gano cewa ana iya shirya jerin silica masu inganci ta hanyar sabbin dabarun warkarwa ta amfani da mercaptan - ƙarin haɗin biyu na ruwa silica. Kyakkyawan halayen injiniya, kwanciyar hankali na zafi da watsa haske na iya sa a yi amfani da shi a sabbin fannoni. Dangane da amsawar haɗin mercapto-ene tsakanin polysiloxane mai aiki da polysiloxane mai ƙarewa na vinyl tare da nauyin kwayoyin halitta daban-daban, an shirya elastomers na silicone tare da tauri mai daidaitawa da kaddarorin injiniya. An buga elastomers suna nuna ƙudurin bugawa mai girma da kyawawan halayen injiniya. Tsawon lokacin da aka yi amfani da silicone elastomers zai iya kaiwa kashi 1400%, wanda ya fi na silicone elastomers masu warkarwa ta UV da aka ruwaito, har ma ya fi na silicone elastomers masu warkarwa ta thermal masu shimfiɗawa. Sannan aka shafa silicone elastomers masu shimfiɗawa sosai a kan hydrogels da aka cika da carbon nanotubes don shirya na'urorin lantarki masu shimfiɗawa. Silicone mai bugawa da sarrafawa yana da fa'idodi masu yawa na amfani a cikin robot masu laushi, masu kunna wutar lantarki masu sassauƙa, dashen likita da sauran fannoni.