Manyan Elastomers guda 5 don Gasket & Hatimin Aikace-aikace
Menene elastomers? Kalmar ta samo asali ne daga "elastic" - ɗaya daga cikin manyan halayen roba. Ana amfani da kalmomin "roba" da "elastomer" a musayar ra'ayi don nufin polymers masu viscoelasticity - waɗanda aka fi sani da "elasticity." Abubuwan da ke cikin elastomers sun haɗa da sassauci, tsayin daka mai yawa da haɗuwa da juriya da damping (damping sigar roba ce da ke sa ta canza makamashin injiniya zuwa zafi lokacin da aka karkatar da ita). Wannan saitin halaye na musamman yana sanya elastomers su zama kayan da suka dace don gaskets, hatimi, isolat ors, da makamantansu.
Tsawon shekaru, samar da elastomer ya ƙaura daga robar halitta da aka samar daga latex na itace zuwa bambancin haɗa roba mai inganci. Wajen ƙirƙirar waɗannan bambance-bambancen, ana samun takamaiman halaye ta hanyar taimakon ƙarin abubuwa kamar cikawa ko masu plasticizers ko ta hanyar bambancin rabon abun ciki a cikin tsarin copolymer. Juyin halittar samar da elastomer yana ƙirƙirar ɗimbin damar elastomer waɗanda za a iya ƙera su, ƙera su kuma a samar da su a kasuwa.
Domin zaɓar kayan da ya dace, ya kamata mutum ya fara bincika sharuɗɗan gama gari don aikin elastomer a cikin gasket da hatimin aikace-aikacen. Lokacin zaɓar kayan aiki mai inganci, injiniyoyi sau da yawa dole ne su yi la'akari da abubuwa da yawa. Yanayi kamar yanayin zafin aiki, yanayin muhalli, hulɗar sinadarai, da buƙatun injiniya ko na zahiri duk suna buƙatar a yi la'akari da su sosai. Dangane da aikace-aikacen, waɗannan yanayin sabis na iya yin tasiri sosai ga aiki da tsawon rayuwar gasket ko hatimin elastomer.
Da waɗannan ra'ayoyi a zuciya, bari mu bincika guda biyar daga cikin elastomers da aka fi amfani da su don amfani da gasket da hatimi.
1)Buna-N/Nitrile/NBR
Duk kalmomin da aka yi amfani da su iri ɗaya, wannan robar roba mai suna acrylonitrile (ACN) da butadiene, ko kuma robar Nitrile butadiene (NBR), zaɓi ne mai shahara wanda galibi ana ƙayyade shi lokacin da ake samun man fetur, mai da/ko mai.
Babban Kadara:
Matsakaicin Yanayin Zafin Jiki daga ~ -54°C zuwa 121°C (-65° – 250°F).
Kyakkyawan juriya ga mai, abubuwan narkewa da mai.
Kyakkyawan juriya ga gogewa, kwararar sanyi, da juriya ga tsagewa.
Ana amfani da shi don amfani da nitrogen ko helium.
Rashin juriya ga UV, ozone, da kuma iskar shaka.
Rashin juriya ga ketones da hydrocarbons masu chlorine.
Mafi yawan amfani a cikin waɗannan:
Aikace-aikacen Gudanar da Man Fetur na Sama da Motoci
Kudin Dangantaka:
Ƙasa zuwa Matsakaici
2)EPDM
Haɗin EPDM yana farawa ne da haɗakar ethylene da propylene. Ana ƙara monomer na uku, diene, don a iya haɗa kayan da sulfur. Ana kiran mahaɗin da aka samar da shi da ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM).
Babban Kadara:
Matsakaicin Yanayin Zafin Jiki daga ~ -59°C zuwa 149°C (-75° – 300°F).
Kyakkyawan juriya ga zafi, ozone da yanayi.
Kyakkyawan juriya ga abubuwan polar da tururi.
Kyakkyawan kayan kariya daga wutar lantarki.
Kyakkyawan juriya ga ketones, acid ɗin da aka narkar, da alkaline.
Rashin juriya ga mai, fetur, da kananzir.
Rashin juriya ga aliphatic hydrocarbons, halogenated solvents, da kuma mai ƙarfi acid.
Mafi yawan amfani a cikin:
Muhalli Mai Sanyaya/Dakin Sanyi
Tsarin Sanyaya Motoci da Aikace-aikacen Rage Yanayi
Kudin Dangantaka:
Ƙasa - Matsakaici
3) Neoprene
Ana samar da dangin roba na neoprene ta hanyar polymerization na chloroprene kuma ana kuma kiransa polychloroprene ko Chloroprene (CR).
Babban Kadara:
Matsakaicin Yanayin Zafin Jiki daga ~ -57°C zuwa 138°C (-70° – 280°F).
Kyakkyawan tasirin tasiri, abrasion da kuma juriya ga harshen wuta.
Kyakkyawan juriya ga tsagewa da saitin matsi.
Kyakkyawan juriya ga ruwa.
Kyakkyawan juriya ga matsakaicin fallasa ga ozone, UV, da yanayi, da kuma mai, mai, da kuma sinadarai masu laushi.
Rashin juriya ga acid mai ƙarfi, sinadarai masu narkewa, esters, da ketones.
Rashin juriya ga sinadarin chlorine, aromatic, da nitro-hydrocarbons.
Mafi yawan amfani a cikin:
Aikace-aikacen Muhalli na Ruwa
Lantarki
Kudin Dangantaka:
Ƙasa
4) Silikon
Rubbace-rubbace na silicone suna da sinadarin polymer vinyl methyl polysiloxanes, waɗanda aka sanya musu suna (VMQ), waɗanda ke aiki sosai a yanayin zafi mai wahala. Saboda tsarkinsu, rubbace-rubbace na silicone sun dace musamman don amfani da su a cikin tsafta.
Babban Kadara:
Matsakaicin Yanayin Zafin Jiki daga ~ -100°C zuwa 250°C (-148° – 482°F).
Kyakkyawan juriya ga zafin jiki mai yawa.
Kyakkyawan juriya ga UV, ozone da yanayi mai kyau.
Yana nuna mafi kyawun sassaucin yanayin zafi na kayan da aka lissafa.
Kyakkyawan halayen dielectric.
Rashin ƙarfi da juriya ga tsagewa.
Rashin juriya ga sinadaran narkewa, mai, da kuma sinadarin acid mai yawa.
Rashin juriya ga tururi.
Mafi yawan amfani a cikin:
Aikace-aikacen Abinci da Abin Sha
Aikace-aikacen Muhalli na Magunguna (Banda tsaftacewa da tururi)
Kudin Dangantaka:
Matsakaici - Babba
5) Fluoroelastomer/Viton®
An rarraba Viton® fluoroelastomers a ƙarƙashin sunan FKM. Wannan nau'in elastomers iyali ne da ya ƙunshi copolymers na hexafluoropropylene (HFP) da vinylidene fluoride (VDF ko VF2).
Ana lura da ƙwayoyin halitta masu ɗauke da ƙwayoyin halitta masu ƙarfi (terpolymers) na tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), vinylidene fluoride (VDF) da hexafluoropropylene (HFP) da kuma perfluoromethylvinylether (PMVE) waɗanda ke ɗauke da ƙwarewa a fannoni masu tasowa.
Ana san FKM a matsayin mafita ta zaɓi idan ana buƙatar juriya mai zafi da sinadarai.
Babban Kadara:
Matsakaicin Yanayin Zafin Jiki daga ~ -30°C zuwa 315°C (-20° – 600°F).
Mafi kyawun juriya ga zafin jiki mai yawa.
Kyakkyawan juriya ga UV, ozone da yanayi mai kyau.
Rashin juriya ga ketones, ƙarancin esters na nauyin kwayoyin halitta.
Rashin juriya ga barasa da sinadarai masu ɗauke da nitro
Rashin juriya ga ƙarancin zafin jiki.
Mafi yawan amfani a cikin:
Aikace-aikacen Hatimin Ruwa/SCUBA
Aikace-aikacen Man Fetur na Motoci tare da Babban Yawan Man Fetur na Biodiesel
Aikace-aikacen Hatimin Sama don Tallafawa Tsarin Man Fetur, Man shafawa, da Hydraulic
Kudin Dangantaka:
Babban
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-15-2020